NATURE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FORM OF CITY

NATURE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FORM OF CITY

Special care and urban structure theory attempts to solve the main problem is: the system in a city, the character of the city in the end is what kind of relationship there? Same or different characteristics of the city can coexist? How to coexist? Co-existence based on what? Co-existence of nature and what kind?

Structure theory of urban characteristics (hereinafter referred to as "structural theory") is to seek urban characteristics in urban systems side by side (hereinafter referred to as "special Coexistence") law, in order to build the theory guiding the city features an innovative system optimization.

Structure Theory shows that, in certain spatial and temporal scales (a certain period and a certain geographic area or urban system level) in the city is characterized by the unique characteristics of this type of urban existence. City feature may be present in the form of independent, can be various types of "co-feature" of the same type can not coexist. Various types of "special coexistence" relationship based on a particular region or level of urban systems, is stable in a certain time period is determined by the characteristics of the nature of the urban aesthetic decisions depend on each other, mutual restraint and cities are relatively stable in a special type forming relationships and methods.

Conceptually, the structure of the character of the city is defined as spatial and temporal scales (a certain period and a certain geographic area or urban system level), co-existence can make a variety of urban characteristics and constraints on mutual various cities and relatively stable feature of constitutive relations types and methods . It can also be simply stated as: the spatial and temporal characteristics of urban structure is within the scope of certain characteristics can coexist in different cities and how the relationship.

Lynch (1975: 6-8) in his book "The Image of the City" an image requires:
- Identity on an object or something that is different from the others
- The structure or pattern of interconnected objects and observers conduction
- The object has a meaning for the observer
The image / impression / face in a city is the impression given by many people not individual. The image of the city is more emphasis on the quality of the physical environment or as a physical object (such as color, strong structure, etc.), so it will lead to a different shape, nice and attract attention.
City image-forming element according to Kevin Lynch are:
1. Paths
It is a path used by the observer to move or migrate. Being a major element as the observer moves through it at the time of observing the city and along those lines the other environmental elements are arranged and connected. Path is the most important element in the image of the city that shows the routes of circulation that is usually used by people to perform the movement in general, ie, roads, alleys main transit roads, railway tracks, channels and so on. The path has a better identity that has a great identity (eg station, monument, square, etc.), as well as the presence / appearance of strong (eg facades, trees, etc.), or turns clear .

2. Edges
Is the limit, can be a design, roads, rivers, mountains. Edge has a strong identity as a clear visual look. Edge is a barrier even though sometimes there are places to go in which is the termination of a district or a district boundaries with others. Edge has a better identity if continuity apparent limit. Similarly, the limit function must be clear: divide or unite. Example: the presence of the highway that limits the two areas, such as ports and trading area.

3. Districts
It is a part of the city has a character or a special activity that can be recognized by the observer. District has a shape and form distinctive patterns as well as the district boundaries so that people know the end or the beginning of the region. District has the traits and characteristics of different regions with the surrounding area. District also has a better identity if the limit established by clear zoom and can be homogeneous, as well as the function and composition is clear. Example: trade area, residential area, suburban area, the Sar downtown.

4. Nodes
Is a loop knot or strategic areas where the direction or activity can be modified to meet each other and to the direction or another activity, such as traffic intersections, stations, airports, bridges, cities as a whole in a large-scale macro, market, park, square, place a shape of the velocity of movement, and so on. Node is also a place where people have a sense of 'in' and 'out' in the same place. Nodes have identity better if the place has a form that is usable (because it's easier to remember), as well as different views of the environment (function, form). Example: crossroads

5. Landmark
A symbol that is visually appealing to the nature of the placement of that interest. Usually landmark has a unique shape, and there are differences in the scale of its surroundings. Some landmarks have meaning only in a small area and can only be seen in the area, while other landmarks have meaning for the whole city and can be seen from everywhere. Landmark is an important element of the form of the city because it helps people recognize an area. In addition, it could be a landmark point that is characteristic of a region. Example: Lion statue in Singapore, Holy tower, the Dome of the church Blenduk.

Forms City By Kevin Lynch.Kelima elements form the town, which path or paths: edges or edge district, intersection or landmark tetenger (Lync, 1967)
Discussion Based On A Form or Morphology City consists of five main elements, namely:

Form of Building (Building From)
1.Path pattern
2.Land use
3.open space
4.the skyline (Skyline)
Fifth Element It became the main determinant shaping the characteristics of the physical form of a city

Video Link: http://youtu.be/nxky64ssYCw

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